【六屆通譯杯比賽輔導(dǎo)】初賽之筆譯題3

    昨天我們講到漢語和英語在語言層面上的不同點(diǎn)，那么今天我們就根據(jù)漢語結(jié)構(gòu)松散英語結(jié)構(gòu)緊密的不同點(diǎn) 給大家介紹兩個(gè)非常實(shí)用的小技巧：

     1. 拆句法：就是把一個(gè)長(zhǎng)而復(fù)雜的句子拆譯成若干個(gè)較短、較簡(jiǎn)單的句子，通常用于英譯漢；我們?cè)谟⒆g漢的時(shí)候又常常要在原句的關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞、主謂連接處、并列或轉(zhuǎn)折連接處、后續(xù)成分與主體的連接處，以及意群結(jié)束處將長(zhǎng)句切斷，譯成漢語分句。這樣就可以基本保留英語語序，順譯全句，順應(yīng)現(xiàn)代漢語長(zhǎng)短句相替、單復(fù)句相間的句法修辭原則。
(1) Increased cooperation with China is in the interests of the United States.  
同中國加強(qiáng)合作，符合美國的利益。 
(2) I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.  
我要感謝你們無與倫比的盛情款待。中國人民正是以這種熱情好客而聞明世界的。
2. 合并法：意思是把若干個(gè)短句合并成一個(gè)長(zhǎng)句，一般用于漢譯英。漢語強(qiáng)調(diào)意合，結(jié)構(gòu)較松散，因此簡(jiǎn)單句較多；英語強(qiáng)調(diào)形合，結(jié)構(gòu)較嚴(yán)密，因此長(zhǎng)句較多。所以漢譯英時(shí)要根據(jù)需要注意利用連詞、分詞、介詞、不定式、定語從句、獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)等把漢語短句連成長(zhǎng)句。
(1)  改革開放以來，中國發(fā)生了巨大的變化。  
Great changes have taken place in China since the introduction of the reform and opening policy.

【原文】
    大學(xué)并不能為你畢業(yè)后的人生做好萬全準(zhǔn)備。四年來你賴以為生的食物、朋友、體系一下子離你而去。你被推到一個(gè)新世界，要迎接挑戰(zhàn)，學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立生活。畢業(yè)生需要努力克服的困難可不少。找工作、找住處、付各種開支……這些只是他們不得不接受并解決的經(jīng)濟(jì)困難中的一小部分。在社交方面，畢業(yè)生通常需要建立新的人脈網(wǎng)，結(jié)交朋友，認(rèn)識(shí)熟人。這比在學(xué)校的時(shí)候要難得多，那個(gè)時(shí)候，你只要在宿舍走廊里走一遭，就能撞見幾個(gè)朋友。
盡管“后校園時(shí)代”必然有種種艱辛，但很多實(shí)用的應(yīng)對(duì)方式會(huì)使這樣的過渡變得簡(jiǎn)單輕松。你剛剛20出頭，正是去冒險(xiǎn)、去嘗試新鮮事物、去發(fā)現(xiàn)激情的時(shí)候。不要太過擔(dān)心沒有一個(gè)具體的計(jì)劃，現(xiàn)在正是你多做嘗試、發(fā)現(xiàn)你真正才能和興趣的時(shí)候。盡管趕快掙錢看上去很重要，但你剛剛20多歲，是探索各種職業(yè)道路、規(guī)劃未來路徑的最佳時(shí)機(jī)。同時(shí)，友好待人是結(jié)識(shí)新朋友的最佳方法。可以關(guān)心同事和身邊人的生活，建立新的人際關(guān)系。

【參考譯文】
College doesn't always prepare you for life after graduation. The food, friends, and structure that you had relied on for four years are all immediately taken away from you. You are thrust into the world and tasked with the challenge of figuring out how to live on your own. There are any struggles for graduates. Finding a job, finding a place to live, and figuring out how to pay the bills are just a few of the economic difficulties that you are forced to embrace and figure out. On a social level, graduates often need to establish a new network of friends and acquaintances. This is much more difficult than it was during the days when you could walk down your dorm hall and bump into a few friends.
While post-college life can certainly have its struggles, there are many useful strategies to help make this transition as easy and painless as possible.
Your early twenties are a time to take risks, try new things, and discover your passions. Don't worry so much about having a concrete plan, now is the time when you can experiment and find your true skills and interests. While making money immediately might seem important, your early twenties are one of the best times for exploring different career paths and planning out a roadmap for your future. It's often good to remember that being friendly is the best way to meet new people. Take interest in the lives of your coworkers and people around you, and be willing to make new connections.